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I read a story once, a Dillard IIRC, in which a British anthropologist insisted on calling the Kuakiutl Indians on the west coast of North America Quackdoodle, as they had been called by the British for 100 years. In the story this was intended to discredit the priggish anthropologist, showing her lack of true insight about the native people. That sort of thing still happens.
Conservatives are in a tizzy over the way Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) pronounced “Pakistan” during last night’s debate:Every country in the world does this. The classic example is the British insistence on pronouncing French words adopted into English as if they were English words - no French accent or vowel treatments. It isn't just a Britishism of course. It is a sort of false intellectualism to go against your fellow citizens and adopt foreign pronunciations when speaking to those citizens. A real intellectual would employ the usages of the audience, varying with that audience, with effortless smoothness. Many do so. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.– “When Obama says Pock-i-stahn I have an uncontrollable urge to read the New Yorker and find some Chardonnay. Fortunately I have an old copy of NR and a Coors Light to snap me back to reality. Seriously though — no one in flyover country says Pock-i-stahn. It’s annoying.” [E-mail posted by Kathryn Jean Lopez]
Obama is a phony. His speech is for phonies like him. It is no surprise that it is offensive to those who oppose him since it is a type of gang sign. It is precisely the same thing that Palin, notoriously, and Bush, infamously, do when they speak but they are flashing the signs of a different gang.
Nutters who fail to grasp what is going on use speech patterns as evidence of, well, something.
Today's leader's on the right not only don't mind being provincial, superstitious, and generally ignorant, they make it a virtue.The evidence seems rather different to me. It is those who mistake gang sign for indicators of intellectual power that are "being provincial, superstitious, and generally ignorant". What Lopez notes above - "It’s annoying" - is a sensible response for those in a different gang.Two words: Sarah Palin. Case closed.
It's easier to see these things when both major gangs are annoying to you. I dread listening to either Obama or McCain speak (or Bush), and Palin would be a chore to listen to as well except that I'm used to women who talk like that. I live among them and do not mistake their mannerisms for either stupidity or ignorance since I know that they are quite capable of handing you your pretentious head on a platter if you presume to dismiss them in such a way. Oh, and they will smile while they do it - a real smile not just a toothsome grimace.
That's the single most common subject around here when the cowboys run into one another while riding fence and so chat for a bit. She's our kind of babe. We each know a dozen women much like her and have no confusions about their power. We've lived with them all of our lives and know that to a significant degree they run things.
For example, there's old Ordel who was known far and wide as the best farmer to ever mount a tractor, and the sharpest business man to ever operate a pencil. He rose from being a two-bit Okie fruit picker to owning enough land for a boutique sized European nation. But as he aged his mind faded and his wife, Rita, took to doing most of the talking. It soon became apparent that Ordel's nose for business was on Rita's face. Those who knew the family closely had always known this of course. These women have never needed liberation. They are content with domination.
Cool. I'd like to think this through a little further.
I got solid on the gang pronunciation point when I lived in Italy. Most Italians are simply incapable of pronouncing my name correctly; two hard consonant stops are bad enough, and then there are the y and k that aren't normally used in their alphabet. So I became Carlo Da-ee-kay.
This attuned me; I had never before noticed that my grandparents from New England were also unable to pronounce my name correctly. I was Cahl. (My mom got my r. She was Linder.)
When I started to make rent and beer money doing telephone fundraising and sales in college I quickly discovered that I am also unable to pronounce my own name correctly. I have trouble with the rl, so what I say sounds more like Paul over the phone.
Nevertheless, it has never occurred to me to introduce myself as Carlo Daeekay in Italy, or as Cahl in New England, or as Paul on the phone. I speak the way I speak; I expect others to do the same.
So I don't think the problem is how Barack says Pakistan. It's that his diction is normatively "correct" according to urban, educated, cosmopolitan standards, which triggers reactions ranging from ethnocentrism to class war to raw and defensive humiliation in audiences outside that dominant culture fraction. To them he's a clueless snob. Well right, and when Sarah gets the a's in Pakistan right up in her nose she sounds like a right chick to her posse and a dumb hick to the rest, as you note.
She's making no attempt to adjust her diction to different audiences either. Like Barack, there are two possible reasons for this, not mutually exclusive. One is that she has a tin ear and really can't make that adjustment. The other is that she's talking to her peeps and is willing to pay the price of sounding annoying to the rest.
But there's a final consideration. These candidates are under relentless media scrutiny; they can't have private conversations with different audiences. How would it go for Barack if Jon Stewart got hold of video of him pronouncing Pakistan three different ways to three different audiences? Think he's a phony now? So much for authenticity; just another lying two-faced sack of shit politician, q.e.d.. And how's he supposed to pronounce Pakistan in a formal debate with a national audience? Should he be reading the accents at the town hall on the fly, changing his diction for each question? That is, what's he supposed to do when the audiences are mixed?
So I think you're right about the gang part, wrong about the phony part. He may be one, but there's no way to tell from his diction. Which was your point about Palin, after all.
Posted by: Carl Dyke at October 16, 2008 12:39 PM"they can't have private conversations with different audiences"
Well, but they do. They talk down the roobs when talking to the swells, and the reverse. There's no impenetrable fire wall so news gets out, but they do tune their talk to the audience. I have an earlier post about such contradictions and the interesting mental tricks that partisans do to remain unaware of them, or hyper aware of them, depending on the tilt of their hats.
When I speak to homogenized Americans I speak to them as they speak to me. But, when I'm among the local Okies - or Mexies, or Texies, or Arkies, or Portagees, or Dutch, or Swedes, or Hmong - there is a necessary adjustment to improve communication. The better I can do this, including alteration of pronunciations, the smoother things go.
Are you trying to tell me that this is a rare skill that we should not expect national politicians to possess? Seems unlikely to me. Or, do you think that anyone finds my speech shifts to be dishonest or something? The only downside I can see is that I sometimes get it wrong, and then we all have a laugh and a "learning opportunity".
Posted by: back40 at October 16, 2008 02:16 PMYou're right. And you're funny the same way my wife is funny. She's an artist and can do things with her brain and hands that only a tiny fraction of humans can do. But to her it seems normal and obvious; you just do it.
Yes, I am trying to tell you this is a rare skill. It's rare like really good teachers are rare and really good race car drivers are rare. Yet anyone can teach and drive. That is, most everyone can manage some elementary level of performance, but few really have a feel for it.
When I get all stupid and idealistic I don't wish I or someone else in particular was better at bridging communication gaps. What I wish is that everyone else understood and took responsibility like I do for the arbitrary localities of our experiences, habits, customs, languages and so on, so that we could all do a lot of laughing and learning all the time when we inevitably get it wrong. Instead most of my conversations require me to do all of the understanding and adjusting. This is a failure of elementary anthropological reciprocity and gives me lots of power I don't want.
I think my point about national politicians and audience is still valid. They simply cannot seal off audiences. So they have to be especially careful not to create trails of intersubjective disconfirmation. How often do you end up in conversations with more than one of your constituencies at once? How would you handle that dissonance?
UPDATE: Just had a conversation with my freshman class about this, in relation to the survival value of flexibility and resilience, and ethics of relationship, community and character growth. They agreed with you that Barack is annoying and should probably pronounce country names their way when he's there, and our way when he's here. But they noted that since he's running for a job that requires international relations he might have an interest in appearing diplomatically competent here. And they accepted that ethically Americans in general have a responsibility to pronounce other people's country names as those others prefer.
Posted by: Carl Dyke at October 17, 2008 08:59 AM